Research Categories

Lexile Research

Lexile® theory & foundations

These papers detail and discuss the theoretical background of the Lexile Framework for Reading and other technical aspects of Lexile measures.

The Rasch Model

Wright, B. D. & Linacre, J. M. (1994). The Rasch Model.

The Combined Gas Law and a Rasch Reading Law

Burdick, D., Stone, M.H., & Stenner, A. J. (2006). The combined gas law and a Rasch reading law. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 20(2), 1059-1060,

The Lexile Framework for Reading Technical Report

Stenner, A. J., Burdick, H., Sanford, E. E. & Burdick, D. S. (2007). The Lexile Framework for Reading Technical Report. MetaMetrics, Inc.

Measuring Reading Comprehension with The Lexile Framework

Stenner, A. J. (1996). Measuring Reading Comprehension with The Lexile Framework. Paper presented at the California Comparability Symposium

Readability and Reading Ability

Wright, B. D. & Stenner, A. J. (1998). Readability and Reading Ability. Paper presented to the Australian Council on Education Research (June 1998).

The Objective Measurement of Reading Comprehension -- In Response to Technical questions Raised by the California Department of Education's Technical Study Group

Stenner, A. J. & Burdick, D. S. (1997). The Objective Measurement of Reading Comprehension -- In Response to Technical questions Raised by the California Department of Education's Technical Study Group. MetaMetrics

How Accurate Are Lexile Text Measures?

Stenner, A. J., Burdick, H., Sanford, E. E., & Burdick, D. S. (2006). How Accurate are Lexile Text Measures? Journal of Applied Measurement. 7(3), 307-322.

Assessing the Lexile Framework: Results of a Panel Meeting

White, S. & Clement, J. (2001). Assessing the Lexile Framework: Results of a panel meeting. NCES Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 2001-08. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.

Toward a Theory of Construct Definition

Stenner, A. J., Smith, M., & Burdick, D. S. (1983). Toward a Theory of Construct Definition. Journal of Education Measurement, 20 (4)

Testing Construct Theories

Stenner, A. J. & Smith, M. (1982). Testing construct theories. Journal of Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55, 415-426.

Rasch Measurement Transactions, Part 1 and 2

Linacre, J. M. (Ed.) (1995). Rasch Measurement Transactions, Part 1 and 2. American Educational Research Associates

Fit of the Lexile Theory to Sequenced Units from Eleven Basal Series

Stenner, A. J., Smith, D. R., Horabin, I., & Smith, M. (1987). Fit of the Lexile Theory to Sequenced Units from Eleven Basal Series. MetaMetrics, Inc.

The Origin of the Lexile Specification Equation

Burdick, H & Stenner A. J. (1996) Theoretical prediction of test items. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 10:1 p.475. Stenner, A. J. & Burdick, D. S. (1997). The Objective Measurement of Reading Comprehension -- In Response to Technical questions Raised by the California Department of Education's Technical Study Group. MetaMetrics, Inc.

Comparisons of Various Text Complexity Equations

Wright, B. D. & Stenner, A. J. (1999). One Fish, Two Fish: Rasch Measures Reading Best. Popular Measurement (1), 34-38.

Background on Empirical Validation of text Complexity

Stenner, A. J., Burdick, H., Sanford, E. E., & Burdick, D. S. (2006). How Accurate are Lexile Text Measures? Journal of Applied Measurement. 7(3), 307-322.

The Relationship Between Theoretical Text Complexity and Empirical Text Complexity

A. Jackson Stenner, Carl W. Swartz, Sean T. Hanlon, Donald S. Burdick, Harold Burdick

Relationship Between Theoretical and Empirical Estimates of Text Complexity for Two Different Reading Item Types

A. Jackson Stenner, Carl W. Swartz, Harold Burdick, Donald S. Burdick, Sean T. Hanlon

Variability in Estimates of Text Complexity for Different Sample Sizes from Professionally Authored Text

A. Jackson Stenner, Donald S. Burdick, Hal Burdick, Carl W. Swartz, Sean T. Hanlon

Re-conceptualizing the Text Complexity Demand Curve and Using Technology to Promote Growth Towards College and Career Readiness

Stenner, A. J., Koons, H. H., & Swartz, C. W. (2009). Closing the text complexity gap: Reconceptualizing the text complexity continuum. Durham, NC: MetaMetrics.